Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile

Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile

The Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone (SPSA) extends over the entire South Pacific Basin and it is the dominant forcing of the Humboldt Current System. The SPSA has seasonal, interannual, and decadal (interdecadal) variability. The latter variability has been associated with the Pacific Deca...

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Autores principales: Ancapichún, Santiago, Garcés-Vargas, José
Formato: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Lenguaje:eng
Publicado: Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California 2015
Acceso en línea:https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2338
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institution Repositorio Institucional
collection DSpace
language eng
description The Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone (SPSA) extends over the entire South Pacific Basin and it is the dominant forcing of the Humboldt Current System. The SPSA has seasonal, interannual, and decadal (interdecadal) variability. The latter variability has been associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), recognized as a Pan-Pacific mode. However, most of the ocean–atmosphere studies on interdecadal scales have been conducted in the Northern Hemisphere, and very few in the Southern Hemisphere. Thus, through reanalysis model outputs and satellite data, this research mainly establishes the relationship between SPSA and PDO in the period 1949–2012 and its impact on sea surface temperature along the north-central coast of Chile between 2000 and 2012. For this purpose we first analyzed the seasonal and interannual variability of the SPSA. An analysis of correlation between air pressure at sea level and the PDO and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) indices established that, at the interdecadal scale, these oscillations explained 49% and 40% of the variance, respectively; however, SAM had a time lag of six years to explain this variance. The PDO, in the air pressure field, produced similar changes to El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Over the past 13 years, the SPSA has intensified and shifted toward the southwest, increasing the offshore Ekman transport and Ekman suction, which would explain much of the observed coastal cooling south of 33º S (central Chile). 
format info:eu-repo/semantics/article
author Ancapichún, Santiago
Garcés-Vargas, José
spellingShingle Ancapichún, Santiago
Garcés-Vargas, José
Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
author_facet Ancapichún, Santiago
Garcés-Vargas, José
author_sort Ancapichún, Santiago
title Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
title_short Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
title_full Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
title_fullStr Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
title_full_unstemmed Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile
title_sort variability of the southeast pacific subtropical anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central chile
publisher Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
publishDate 2015
url https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2338
_version_ 1792608727264657408
spelling repositorioinstitucional-20.500.12930-74602023-05-09T14:30:22Z Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile Variabilidad del Anticiclón Subtropical del Pacífico Sudeste y su impacto sobre la temperatura superficial del mar frente a la costa centro-norte de Chile Ancapichún, Santiago Garcés-Vargas, José The Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone (SPSA) extends over the entire South Pacific Basin and it is the dominant forcing of the Humboldt Current System. The SPSA has seasonal, interannual, and decadal (interdecadal) variability. The latter variability has been associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), recognized as a Pan-Pacific mode. However, most of the ocean–atmosphere studies on interdecadal scales have been conducted in the Northern Hemisphere, and very few in the Southern Hemisphere. Thus, through reanalysis model outputs and satellite data, this research mainly establishes the relationship between SPSA and PDO in the period 1949–2012 and its impact on sea surface temperature along the north-central coast of Chile between 2000 and 2012. For this purpose we first analyzed the seasonal and interannual variability of the SPSA. An analysis of correlation between air pressure at sea level and the PDO and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) indices established that, at the interdecadal scale, these oscillations explained 49% and 40% of the variance, respectively; however, SAM had a time lag of six years to explain this variance. The PDO, in the air pressure field, produced similar changes to El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Over the past 13 years, the SPSA has intensified and shifted toward the southwest, increasing the offshore Ekman transport and Ekman suction, which would explain much of the observed coastal cooling south of 33º S (central Chile).  El Anticiclón Subtropical del Pacífico Sudeste (ASPS) se extiende sobre toda la cuenca oceánica del Pacífico Sur y es el forzamiento dominante del Sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt. El ASPS presenta variabilidades estacionales, interanuales y decadales (interdecadales). Esta última variabilidad se ha asociado a la Oscilación Decadal del Pacífico (ODP), reconocida como un modo de la cuenca del Pacífico. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios sobre la relación entre el océano y la atmósfera a escala interdecadal han sido conducidos en el hemisferio norte, y muy pocos en el hemisferio sur. Así, a través de información de salida de modelos de reanálisis y datos satelitales, esta investigación establece principalmente la relación entre el ASPS y la ODP en el periodo 1949–2012 y su repercusión en la temperatura superficial del mar a lo largo de la costa centro-norte de Chile entre 2000 y 2012. Para esto, primero se analizó la variabilidad estacional e interanual del ASPS. Mediante un análisis de correlación entre el campo de presión del aire a nivel de mar y los índices de la ODP y el Modo Anular del Sur (MAS), se estableció que a escala interdecadal éstas oscilaciones explicaron el 49% y 40% de la varianza, respectivamente; sin embargo, el MAS presentó un desfase de seis años para explicar esa varianza. La ODP, en el campo de la presión del aire, produjo cambios parecidos a los de El Niño–Oscilación del Sur. En los últimos 13 años, el ASPS se ha intensificado y dirigido hacia el suroeste, incrementando el transporte de Ekman hacia afuera de la costa y la succión de Ekman, lo cual explicaría gran parte la disminución de la temperatura superficial del mar observada hacia el sur de 33º S (costa central de Chile). 2015-03-27 2021-06-03T03:55:22Z 2021-06-03T03:55:22Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Artículo Arbitrado https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2338 10.7773/cm.v41i1.2338 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12930/7460 eng https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2338/1545 Copyright (c) 2015 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 41 No. 1 (2015); 1-20 Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 41 Núm. 1 (2015); 1-20 2395-9053 0185-3880

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