Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California

Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California

Located 20 km south of Puertecitos on the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, is a salt-crusted lagoon with a surface area of approximately 265,000 m2 that is isolated from the adjacent Upper Gulf of California by a 50-m wide berm. The berm rises 2 m above mean sea level extending for 530 m across th...

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Autores principales: Kozlowski, Jessica A, Johnson, Markes E, Ledesma-Vázquez, Jorge, Birgel, Daniel, Peckmann, Jörn, Schleper, Christa
Format: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Sprog:eng
Udgivet: Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California 2018
Online adgang:https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2825
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id repositorioinstitucional-20.500.12930-7542
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institution Repositorio Institucional
collection DSpace
language eng
description Located 20 km south of Puertecitos on the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, is a salt-crusted lagoon with a surface area of approximately 265,000 m2 that is isolated from the adjacent Upper Gulf of California by a 50-m wide berm. The berm rises 2 m above mean sea level extending for 530 m across the lagoon’s seaward front to bar replenishment by normal seawater except possibly by seepage. On another side of the lagoon an extinct Pliocene volcano, Volcán Prieto, marks an equally abrupt boundary delineated by basalt flows. The lagoon’s well-constrained physical geography represents a high-salinity environment under conditions of extreme aridity, flooded only during rare events associated with subtropical storms. The Volcán Prieto Lagoon (so named herein) formed through distinct stages in developmental geomorphology outlined in this study. A duplicate set of sediment cores (17 cm in length) were retrieved from the lagoon and sampled for biological associations that record high-diversity colonization and stratification of microbial mats dominated by bacteria. Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of different horizons revealed at least 25 major named bacterial phyla and 8 major named archaeal phyla as well as several unnamed candidate taxa from miscellaneous groups. Lipid biomarker analyses of the same horizons revealed that cyanobacteria contributed significantly to biomass production only at shallow depth, whereas the lipids of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria persisted to a depth of 15 cm, although with decreasing contents. The lipid patterns also showed that sulfate-reducing bacteria became more abundant with depth, whereas the contents of archaeal lipids increased from 1 to 5 cm depth but remained relatively constant below. Closed lagoons on the Gulf of California are widely distributed over the length of the Baja California Peninsula, but detailed taxonomic studies regarding the diverse microbial communities that colonized these extreme habitats have only begun to shed light on complex colonization patterns. Key words: coastal processes, closed lagoons, Gulf of California, microbial assemblages, lipid biomarkers.
format info:eu-repo/semantics/article
author Kozlowski, Jessica A
Johnson, Markes E
Ledesma-Vázquez, Jorge
Birgel, Daniel
Peckmann, Jörn
Schleper, Christa
spellingShingle Kozlowski, Jessica A
Johnson, Markes E
Ledesma-Vázquez, Jorge
Birgel, Daniel
Peckmann, Jörn
Schleper, Christa
Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
author_facet Kozlowski, Jessica A
Johnson, Markes E
Ledesma-Vázquez, Jorge
Birgel, Daniel
Peckmann, Jörn
Schleper, Christa
author_sort Kozlowski, Jessica A
title Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
title_short Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
title_full Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
title_fullStr Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
title_full_unstemmed Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California
title_sort microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the puertecitos area, upper gulf of california
publisher Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
publishDate 2018
url https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2825
_version_ 1792610475878383616
spelling repositorioinstitucional-20.500.12930-75422023-05-09T14:30:57Z Microbial diversity of a closed salt lagoon in the Puertecitos area, Upper Gulf of California Diversidad microbiana de una laguna salada cerrada en el área de Puertecitos en el Alto Golfo de California Kozlowski, Jessica A Johnson, Markes E Ledesma-Vázquez, Jorge Birgel, Daniel Peckmann, Jörn Schleper, Christa Located 20 km south of Puertecitos on the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, is a salt-crusted lagoon with a surface area of approximately 265,000 m2 that is isolated from the adjacent Upper Gulf of California by a 50-m wide berm. The berm rises 2 m above mean sea level extending for 530 m across the lagoon’s seaward front to bar replenishment by normal seawater except possibly by seepage. On another side of the lagoon an extinct Pliocene volcano, Volcán Prieto, marks an equally abrupt boundary delineated by basalt flows. The lagoon’s well-constrained physical geography represents a high-salinity environment under conditions of extreme aridity, flooded only during rare events associated with subtropical storms. The Volcán Prieto Lagoon (so named herein) formed through distinct stages in developmental geomorphology outlined in this study. A duplicate set of sediment cores (17 cm in length) were retrieved from the lagoon and sampled for biological associations that record high-diversity colonization and stratification of microbial mats dominated by bacteria. Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of different horizons revealed at least 25 major named bacterial phyla and 8 major named archaeal phyla as well as several unnamed candidate taxa from miscellaneous groups. Lipid biomarker analyses of the same horizons revealed that cyanobacteria contributed significantly to biomass production only at shallow depth, whereas the lipids of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria persisted to a depth of 15 cm, although with decreasing contents. The lipid patterns also showed that sulfate-reducing bacteria became more abundant with depth, whereas the contents of archaeal lipids increased from 1 to 5 cm depth but remained relatively constant below. Closed lagoons on the Gulf of California are widely distributed over the length of the Baja California Peninsula, but detailed taxonomic studies regarding the diverse microbial communities that colonized these extreme habitats have only begun to shed light on complex colonization patterns. Key words: coastal processes, closed lagoons, Gulf of California, microbial assemblages, lipid biomarkers. Veinte kilómetros hacia el sur de Puertecitos, en la península de Baja California, México, se localiza una laguna con un área superficial de ~265,000 m2 que está cubierta por una costra salina y aislada de la parte alta del golfo de California por una berma de 50 m de ancho. La berma se eleva 2 m sobre el nivel medio del mar y se extiende por 530 m a lo largo del frente marino de la laguna evitando el reabastecimiento normal con agua de mar excepto, posiblemente, por filtración. En otro lado de la laguna, un volcán extinto del Plioceno, el volcán Prieto, marca un límite igualmente abrupto delineado por los flujos de basalto. La geografía física bien delimitada de la laguna representa un entorno de alta salinidad en condiciones de extrema aridez, inundada solo durante eventos poco frecuentes asociados con tormentas subtropicales. La laguna Volcán Prieto (así llamada aquí) se formó a través de distintas etapas en el desarrollo de la geomorfología descrita en este estudio. Se recuperó un conjunto duplicado de núcleos de la laguna (17 cm de longitud) y se tomaron muestras para determinar asociaciones biológicas que registran la colonización de alta diversidad y la estratificación de tapetes microbianos dominados por bacterias. Con base en la secuenciación de genes de ARN ribosómico de subunidades pequeñas de diferentes horizontes, se identificaron al menos 25 filos bacterianos nombrados principales y 8 filos de arqueas nombrados principales, así como varios taxones candidatos sin nombre de grupos diversos. Los análisis de biomarcadores lipídicos de los mismos horizontes revelaron que las cianobacterias contribuyeron significativamente a la producción de biomasa únicamente a una profundidad somera, mientras que los lípidos de las bacterias fotótrofas anoxigénicas persistieron a una profundidad de 15 cm, aunque con contenidos decrecientes. Los patrones de lípidos también mostraron que las bacterias reductoras de sulfato se volvieron más abundantes con la profundidad, mientras que los contenidos de los lípidos de las arqueas aumentaron entre 1 y 5 cm de profundidad y permanecieron relativamente constantes a mayor profundidad. Las lagunas cerradas en el golfo de California están ampliamente distribuidas a lo largo de la península de Baja California, pero los estudios taxonómicos detallados sobre las diversas comunidades microbianas que colonizaron estos hábitats extremos apenas han comenzado a dilucidar los complejos patrones de colonización. Palabras clave: procesos costeros, lagunas cerradas, golfo de California, ensamblajes microbianos, biomarcadores lipídicos. 2018-06-25 2021-06-03T03:55:38Z 2021-06-03T03:55:38Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Artículo Arbitrado https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2825 10.7773/cm.v44i2.2825 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12930/7542 eng https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/2825/420420441 Copyright (c) 2018 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 44 No. 2 (2018); 71–90 Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 44 Núm. 2 (2018); 71–90 2395-9053 0185-3880

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